水壓光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術，是(shi)在(zai)水壓光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)技(ji)術基礎上發展起(qi)來的(de)一項新技(ji)術，其掏槽眼、輔助眼裝藥結構和爆(bao)破(po)(po)方式與(yu)水壓光面(mian)(mian)爆(bao)破(po)(po)相同，但在(zai)周邊眼中安(an)裝專用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)裝置替(ti)代常規爆(bao)破(po)(po)藥卷和傳爆(bao)線，利用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)產(chan)生的(de)粒子射流動能(neng)(neng)(neng)、高(gao)壓爆(bao)破(po)(po)氣體應力及“氣楔”作用(yong)，形(xing)成平整圓順(shun)的(de)開挖(wa)輪廓面(mian)(mian)，對(dui)控(kong)制超欠(qian)挖(wa)具有良好效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)升了隧道施工質(zhi)量、進度(du)和經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)。科學(xue)合理(li)地(di)利用(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源利用(yong)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，對(dui)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排也十(shi)分重要。利用(yong)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)兩端的(de)水平開出的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽產(chan)生的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)射流效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應對(dui)巖(yan)石進行破(po)(po)碎。據專家測算，由于聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)兩端聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)槽產(chan)生的(de)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)(neng)切(qie)割效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應，其能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)比(bi)提(ti)(ti)升一個量級。

聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包由炸(zha)(zha)(zha)、形(xing)罩(zhao)、隔板、殼體(ti)、引信和(he)(he)支架(jia)等部(bu)分組成，其(qi)作用(yong)及對(dui)(dui)(dui)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包威力的(de)(de)影響分述(shu)如下。1．炸(zha)(zha)(zha)，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)是聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)爆破的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源，炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)爆壓(ya)(ya)越(yue)大，聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)彈威力越(yue)大；為得(de)到高(gao)(gao)爆壓(ya)(ya)，需高(gao)(gao)爆速(su)、高(gao)(gao)密(mi)度的(de)(de)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)。常用(yong)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)有(you)梯恩(en)梯、8321炸(zha)(zha)(zha)等，裝(zhuang)方法有(you)熔鑄(zhu)，塑裝(zhuang)和(he)(he)壓(ya)(ya)裝(zhuang)多(duo)種(zhong)。2．型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)，型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)作用(yong)是把炸(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)爆炸(zha)(zha)(zha)能(neng)(neng)轉化成罩(zhao)體(ti)材料的(de)(de)射(she)流動能(neng)(neng)，從而提高(gao)(gao)其(qi)穿透和(he)(he)切割(ge)能(neng)(neng)力。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)材料必(bi)須(xu)滿(man)足四點要(yao)求，即(ji)可(ke)壓(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)小、密(mi)度高(gao)(gao)、塑性(xing)和(he)(he)延(yan)展(zhan)性(xing)好，在形(xing)成射(she)流中不汽化。大量(liang)試驗證明(ming)，用(yong)紫銅制(zhi)作型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)效果(guo)好，其(qi)次為鑄(zhu)鐵、鋼和(he)(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)的(de)(de)形(xing)狀多(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)樣，主要(yao)有(you)軸(zhou)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓(yuan)錐(zhui)形(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)、拋物線形(xing)和(he)(he)喇叭(ba)形(xing)等；面對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)(de)有(you)用(yong)于(yu)切割(ge)屬板材的(de)(de)直線形(xing)和(he)(he)用(yong)于(yu)切割(ge)管(guan)材的(de)(de)環形(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)罩(zhao)兩種(zhong)；中心(xin)(xin)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球(qiu)形(xing)聚(ju)能(neng)(neng)包，中心(xin)(xin)有(you)球(qiu)形(xing)空(kong)腔和(he)(he)球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)，球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)外敷(fu)設(she)炸(zha)(zha)(zha)，若能(neng)(neng)在瞬間(jian)同時起爆，可(ke)在空(kong)腔中心(xin)(xin)點獲(huo)得(de)極大的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中。在工程中常用(yong)的(de)(de)是軸(zhou)對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)面對(dui)(dui)(dui)稱型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)。

水壓光面(mian)爆破技術在(zai)隧道掘進(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)業中的(de)實(shi)際應用。提升(sheng)光面(mian)爆破水平、嚴抓隧道超挖管控(kong)進(jin)行了介紹。聚能水壓光面(mian)爆破工(gong)(gong)藝技術很成熟、可操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)性(xing)(xing)很強、材(cai)料(liao)成本很低(di)、施工(gong)(gong)速(su)度很快、節(jie)能環保效果(guo)很顯著、經濟(ji)效益社會效益很高。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)提高對(dui)(dui)推廣(guang)該項(xiang)技術重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)和(he)必然性(xing)(xing)的(de)認識;二是(shi)(shi)要(yao)樹立必須(xu)采取聚能水壓光面(mian)爆破的(de)意(yi)識;三是(shi)(shi)要(yao)堅持培訓、示范、監(jian)督(du)“三位一(yi)體”;四是(shi)(shi)要(yao)制(zhi)定切(qie)實(shi)的(de)獎懲(cheng)制(zhi)度;五是(shi)(shi)要(yao)建立檢查監(jian)督(du)機制(zhi)，持續促進(jin)該項(xiang)技術的(de)深入(ru)推廣(guang)。在(zai)隧道施工(gong)(gong)的(de)現場管理、科技創新、人(ren)才培養、經濟(ji)效益等方面(mian)的(de)不足。建議對(dui)(dui)施工(gong)(gong)一(yi)線基礎技術工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)扎實(shi)推進(jin);對(dui)(dui)新工(gong)(gong)藝、先進(jin)工(gong)(gong)法(fa)要(yao)深入(ru)學習鉆研;對(dui)(dui)消極懈怠、故步自(zi)封(feng)的(de)思想要(yao)堅決抵制(zhi)。

在(zai)(zai)工程(cheng)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中，常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導火索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)索起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)、導爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)管起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)使雷管爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)，進而起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)芳法(fa)(fa)。它所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)器材有(you)(you)(you)(you)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管、導線和起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)網路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連接(jie)(jie)形(xing)式(shi)，要(yao)(yao)根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破方法(fa)(fa)、爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破規模、工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)性、所(suo)選(xuan)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及其起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)進行選(xuan)擇，基本(ben)連接(jie)(jie)方式(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)：串(chuan)聯(lian)、并(bing)聯(lian)、串(chuan)并(bing)聯(lian)和并(bing)串(chuan)聯(lian)等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)法(fa)(fa)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)安全(quan)、可(ke)靠、準確(que)、高(gao)(gao)效等(deng)優(you)點，在(zai)(zai)國內外仍占有(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)大(da)比(bi)重(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)大(da)、中型爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)破中，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)仍是(shi)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。特別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)瓦斯、礦塵爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)方法(fa)(fa)。但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)容易(yi)受各種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)干擾而發生早(zao)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，因此在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、射頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境中，不能(neng)使用(yong)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)雷管。

專用爆破聚能管是將炸藥裝在聚能管內，兩頭均放置了水袋，聚能管爆炸產生的高溫高壓射流，讓水袋產生“水楔”效應,使圍巖裂縫加劇延伸擴展。它是在水壓光面爆破基礎上發展起來的一項新技術，區別只是在周邊眼中安裝專用線性聚能藥管替代常規爆破藥卷和傳爆線，只要做到七大關鍵環節：水袋挺拔飽滿、炮泥軟硬適中、水袋裝填到底、炮泥回填到口、木棍逐節搗固、水藥緊密相連、槽面必須平行，就能對控制超欠挖起到良好效果。爆破聚能管廠家在推廣水壓爆破(po)的基(ji)礎上，去年(nian)9月，水壓聚能爆破(po)的成(cheng)果上，今(jin)年(nian)更為深入地在興泉鐵路大(da)嶺隧道(dao)、牡(mu)佳(jia)鐵路麻山隧道(dao)采用了此項技術，積累了成(cheng)功經驗。

使用單位或經銷(xiao)(xiao)商在(zai)日(ri)常采(cai)購(gou)中(zhong)使用搜(sou)索引(yin)擎搜(sou)索生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)廠商并購(gou)買(mai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品已(yi)經成為很多企業和(he)經銷(xiao)(xiao)商的(de)(de)主要采(cai)購(gou)手段(duan)。根據我們從事(shi)網絡(luo)營銷(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)經歷，總結出(chu)以下幾點注意事(shi)項，希望能對采(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)企業起到一(yi)些幫助作用。1、采(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品型(xing)號規格、質量標準(zhun)、技術參數(shu)應與采(cai)購(gou)計劃(hua)相符。2、采(cai)購(gou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品時，就是通過(guo)(guo)搜(sou)索引(yin)擎搜(sou)索自己需(xu)求的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品，找出(chu)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)銷(xiao)(xiao)售該產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)企業，然后查看該生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業網站(zhan)是否(fou)經過(guo)(guo)其所在(zai)省(sheng)份工(gong)(gong)信廳備案，并登錄查驗。3、查看該生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業網站(zhan)欄目(mu)(mu)配置(zhi)、欄目(mu)(mu)內容是否(fou)足夠專(zhuan)業，如大量出(chu)現(xian)與采(cai)購(gou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品無關(guan)、雜亂無章的(de)(de)，聯系地址標明xxx工(gong)(gong)業區、示范園而(er)沒有(you)(you)路(lu)牌號的(de)(de)，只有(you)(you)手機(ji)號碼而(er)沒有(you)(you)固定電話、傳真地的(de)(de)，足可(ke)認定該生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業為非正規的(de)(de)家庭作坊(fang)，不宜作為采(cai)購(gou)對象。