專業雙向爆破聚能管聚能包由炸、形罩、隔板、殼體、引信和支架等部分組成，其作用及對聚能包威力的影響分述如下。1．炸，炸是聚能管爆破的能源，炸的爆壓越大，聚能彈威力越大；為得到高爆壓，需高爆速、高密度的炸。常用炸有梯恩梯、8321炸等，裝方法有熔鑄，塑裝和壓裝多種。2．型罩，型罩的作用是把炸的爆炸能轉化成罩體材料的射流動能，從而提高其穿透和切割能力。雙向爆破聚能管價格型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)材料必須滿足四點(dian)要(yao)求，即(ji)可壓(ya)縮性(xing)小、密度高、塑性(xing)和(he)延展(zhan)性(xing)好(hao)，在(zai)(zai)形(xing)成(cheng)射流中(zhong)不汽化。大(da)量試驗(yan)證明(ming)，用(yong)(yong)紫銅制作型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)效果好(hao)，其次(ci)為鑄鐵(tie)、鋼和(he)陶瓷。型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)的(de)形(xing)狀(zhuang)多種(zhong)多樣，主要(yao)有(you)軸對稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，如圓(yuan)錐形(xing)、半球(qiu)形(xing)、拋物線形(xing)和(he)喇(la)叭形(xing)等(deng)；面對稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，常見的(de)有(you)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割(ge)屬(shu)板(ban)材的(de)直線形(xing)和(he)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)切割(ge)管材的(de)環形(xing)聚能(neng)罩(zhao)(zhao)兩(liang)種(zhong)；中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)對稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，這種(zhong)球(qiu)形(xing)聚能(neng)包，中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)有(you)球(qiu)形(xing)空腔和(he)球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)，球(qiu)形(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)外敷設(she)炸，若(ruo)能(neng)在(zai)(zai)瞬(shun)間同時起爆(bao)，可在(zai)(zai)空腔中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)點(dian)獲得極(ji)大(da)的(de)能(neng)量集中(zhong)。在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程中(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)是軸對稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)面對稱(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)罩(zhao)(zhao)。

施工(gong)工(gong)藝嚴格遵循(xun)六字方(fang)(fang)針(zhen)(掛滿、貼緊(jin)、對準)：(1)要(yao)保證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量,炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)必須按技術要(yao)求合理布置(zhi)(zhi)。(2)要(yao)保證(zheng)掏(tao)槽眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)及其他眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量,一定(ding)(ding)要(yao)在(zai)規定(ding)(ding)位置(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)打眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);二要(yao)保證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)深度(du)和(he)角(jiao)度(du)。(3)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管裝藥(yao)(yao)時(shi),要(yao)保證(zheng)乳化炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao)在(zai)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管中(zhong)空(kong)內壁中(zhong)填充飽滿不得(de)有空(kong)隙出現(xian)時(shi)以(yi)產(chan)生拒爆。(4)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)裝填時(shi),要(yao)保證(zheng)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管的兩條聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能槽指向巷道輪(lun)廓線方(fang)(fang)向并(bing)且各個炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管的聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能槽軸線方(fang)(fang)面要(yao)保證(zheng)相互連接在(zai)隧道輪(lun)廓線上(shang)。否則成型效果不僅不好(hao)(hao),反而(er)更差。(5)保證(zheng)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堵塞質量。(6)放炮(pao)(pao)(pao)員應提前按規定(ding)(ding)裝好(hao)(hao)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)能管的炸(zha)藥(yao)(yao),并(bing)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)準備(bei)工(gong)作。試用(yong)范圍:一級(ji)至(zhi)五級(ji)圍巖(yan)的光面爆破工(gong)程。

給(gei)大家介(jie)紹下(xia)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破聚(ju)能(neng)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術原理∶炸(zha)藥爆(bao)(bao)(bao)炸(zha)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)轟波通過(guo)聚(ju)能(neng)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)能(neng)槽，將(jiang)炸(zha)藥的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)能(neng)、勢能(neng)轉換成(cheng)高壓(ya)(ya)、高速、高能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)射流，切割(ge)演示成(cheng)縫。射流在(zai)孔壁產生射流壓(ya)(ya)力(li)達7000MPa，巖(yan)石動(dong)載抗壓(ya)(ya)強度(du)為(wei)200MPa，抗拉(la)為(wei)1/8～1/10的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗壓(ya)(ya)強度(du)，相(xiang)鄰(lin)兩(liang)(liang)炮孔互為(wei)鄰(lin)空面，疊加后的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮波變為(wei)稀(xi)疏波，在(zai)兩(liang)(liang)炮眼連(lian)線上(shang)使巖(yan)石結構斷裂，形成(cheng)裂紋。準靜態氣(qi)體膨脹，靜態壓(ya)(ya)力(li)在(zai)兩(liang)(liang)炮孔最短連(lian)線兩(liang)(liang)側產生拉(la)力(li)使巖(yan)石裂縫進(jin)一(yi)步擴展。根據爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破應(ying)力(li)集中(zhong)氣(qi)刃作(zuo)用原則，爆(bao)(bao)(bao)破氣(qi)體沿裂縫進(jin)一(yi)步擴大貫通，拋落巖(yan)石。

我國(guo)20世(shi)紀60年代(dai)(dai)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)斷裂(lie)力學對巖(yan)石(shi)損(sun)傷引起的(de)裂(lie)紋擴展(zhan)進(jin)行(xing)過(guo)試驗研(yan)究，為聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)爆破(po)(po)技(ji)術應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到工程(cheng)做(zuo)了(le)不少理(li)論分析，也取得一些進(jin)展(zhan)。80年代(dai)(dai)中期開始進(jin)行(xing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)研(yan)究，以北京(jing)礦(kuang)業學院(yuan)為代(dai)(dai)表，著重研(yan)究了(le)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥包(bao)切(qie)割(ge)饑理(li)和應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。1987年淮南礦(kuang)業學院(yuan)取得“雙面切(qie)割(ge)器”的(de)zhuanli，1995年又取得“大理(li)石(shi)花崗巖(yan)切(qie)割(ge)技(ji)術應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”zhuanli。1991年中國(guo)水(shui)電七局曾試圖采用(yong)(yong)(yong)硬質(zhi)紙加工聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥管成形聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)藥卷(juan)做(zuo)過(guo)聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)預裂(lie)爆破(po)(po)試驗研(yan)究，但(dan)終因當時的(de)技(ji)術及工藝水(shui)平的(de)限(xian)制無法用(yong)(yong)(yong)于正常(chang)施工，但(dan)是他們開了(le)橢圓雙極(ji)線性聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)結構(gou)試驗的(de)先河。雙聚(ju)(ju)能(neng)預裂(lie)與光(guang)面爆破(po)(po)綜合技(ji)術開創(chuang)輪廓控制爆破(po)(po)新時代(dai)(dai)。